Is There a Difference Between String and string in C#?

Technically there is no difference between String and string. If you declare two variables in the simple console application and open code in ILSpy you will see it points to the String class.

Pic 1. String variable declaration - Visual Studio, Console Application

Pic 2. ILSpy - String class

When to Use Capitalized and Regular Declaration?

Usually, developers use regular strings for variable or constant declarations. And capitalized String uses to get access for string functions like Format, Join, etc. But it is mostly a recommendation you can use both styles. Here are C# examples:

Capitalized and Regular string Declaration, Visual Studio